order, all the orations contained in 201 extant Latin liturgical codices17- 6,829 different orations in all. For each, the editors list every codex in which the prayer appears, identify the way it is used in each manuscript, and cite the textual variations. Separate lists in each volume date the codices.

It is from the relevant entries in the Corpus Orationum volumes that we are able to state above that eight of the 22 collects that came to the 1970 missal from ancient codices were incorporated without any textual change and 14 were emended. Relevant Corpus Orationum entries also indicate that:

1. Five of the 22 orations appear in only one of the 201 codices included in the Corpus Orationum volumes. 18

2. Eleven of the 22 selected orations have no history of ever having been used as the principal collect of Sunday Mass before serving as such in the 1970 missal.19

3. None of the emendations made to the ancient orations by the postVatican II editors corresponds to a variant reading in the manuscript tradition.

In contrast, a similar examination of the 32 Sunday and Holy Day collects of the 1962 missal that were not retained in the cycle of Sunday and Holy Day collects of the 1970 missal finds:

1. Except for the collects of the modern feasts of the Holy Family and Holy Name of Jesus (established in 1893 and 1721, respectively), all had been in continual use from the eighth century until the sixteenth when they were incorporated into the Tridentine missal.

17 A few of the codices are earlier than the eighth century. The rest date from the eighth through the sixteenth centuries, although all are prior to the Council of Trent. The earliest, Rotulus of Ravenna, is dated fifth/sixth century.18 The collects of the third Sunday of Advent (Rotulus 25), the second Sunday in Paschal time (Gothicum 309), the fourth Sunday per annum (Veronense 432), the twenty-fourth Sunday per annum (Veronense 1045), and the thirty-first Sunday per annum (Veronense 486). The modern critical edition of the Gothicum is Leo Cunibert Mohlberg, ed., Missale Gothicum (Vat. Reg. lat. 317), Rerum Ecclesiasticarum Documenta, Series maior, Fontes 5 (Rome: Casa Editrice Herder, 1961). Critical editions of both Rotulus and the Veronense are found in Leo Cunibert Mohlberg, Leo Eizenhöfer, Petrus Siffrin, eds., Sacramentarium Veronense, Rerum Ecclesiasticarum Documenta, Series maior, Fontes 1 (Rome: Casa Editrice Herder, 1956).19 The collects of the first, second, and fourth Sundays of Advent; the fifth Sunday of Lent; the second Sunday in Paschal time; the fourth, thirteenth, sixteenth, eighteenth, nineteenth, twenty-fourth, and thirty-first Sundays per annum. In addition, it is not clear that the collect of the third Sunday of Advent (Rotulus 25) ever served as the collect of a Sunday Mass.

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The Collects at Sunday Mass: An Examination of the Revisions of Vatican II

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